• 9 out of 10 individual traders in equity Futures and Options Segment incurred net losses.
• On an average, loss makers registered net trading loss close to ₹50,000.
• Over and above the net trading losses incurred, loss makers expended an additional 28% of net trading losses as transaction costs.
• Those making net trading profits incurred between 15% to 50% of such profits as transaction cost.

Source: SEBI study dated January 25, 2023 on “Analysis of Profit and Loss of Individual Traders dealing in equity Futures and Options (F&O) Segment”, wherein aggregate level findings are based on annual Profit/Loss incurred by individual traders in equity F&O during FY 2021-22. SEBI’s latest study (August 2026) found that 87.7% of individual traders in equity derivatives made net losses in FY 2025-26.